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branik
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Pridružen/-a: 29.11. 2008, 21:46
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Kraj: ŠTAJERSKA
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branik
ADMINISTRATOR
Pridružen/-a: 29.11. 2008, 21:46
Prispevkov: 1410
Kraj: ŠTAJERSKA
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 Objavljeno: 04 Dec 2010 13:31 Naslov sporočila: What does offsetting carbon involve??? |
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Everyday actions like cooking, driving a car, watching TV, having a shower and using your computer all consume energy and produce greenhouse gas emissions such as carbon dioxide which contributes to climate change.
"Climate change is defined as being a long-term change in global weather patterns: especially increases in temperature and storm activity, regarded as a potential consequence of the increasing level of greenhouse gases* in the atmosphere."
The first step to reducing the impact we have on climate change is to better control the amount of energy that we use directly and indirectly through the products and services we consume. For businesses this also extends to the better use of resources to reduce the amount of carbon used in producing services or manufacturing products.
The unavoidable carbon emissions we create as individuals or as a business can be offset by paying someone to make an equivalent greenhouse gas saving. These savings can be created in many ways including through using cleaner energy sources such as solar and wind, through planting trees, and changing to cleaner fuels but by far one of the most important is that of preserving rainforests around the world.
Should you offset your carbon emissions?
Everybody has a responsibility to reduce their carbon footprint and, in turn, reduce their impact on global warming. Every reduction we can make adds up quickly and if we encourage others to do the same the compounding effect starts to make a difference.
Identify how you can avoid or reduce your emissions - where it is not possible or practical to reduce emissions you can offset them. By saving an equivalent amount of greenhouse gas elsewhere we can help to minimise current global emissions.
How do offsetting schemes work?
First you need to calculate the emissions you have produced this can be done by using calculators like we have on our site. Then once you know the amount of carbon emissions you are creating you can then elect to buy the equivalent amount in 'credits' from projects that are able to create greenhouse gas savings, even though these projects may be in another part of the world to where you created the emissions. It doesn't matter where greenhouse gases are emitted in the world ¨C the effect on climate change is the same.
Where does the money go?
Renewable energy and energy efficiency are also good projects to support as these can have immediate benefits to the environment. Some offsetting schemes may involve planting trees while others will involve paying communities to preserve large sections of rainforests from being cut down. Cutting down forests not only creates the production of greenhouse gases (especially when burning) but also reduces our planet's ability to sequester carbon, meaning we need to make up for it through creating more carbon saving projects elsewhere.
The quality of offsetting schemes
When purchasing offsets you should ensure that the credits you buy meet any of the various international standards put in place such as REDD, VCS, VER+, Gold Standard, and CDM CER. CERs are verified by the United Nations and meet the requirements of the Kyoto Protocol.
To ensure the quality of projects governments are developing a code of best practice for companies which sell offsets. Carbon Central only promotes and sells carbon offsets that meet any of these international standards. As such we fully support and uphold the objectives described in this code of practice.
*The principal greenhouse gases that enter the atmosphere because of human activities are:
Carbon Dioxide (CO2): Carbon dioxide enters the atmosphere through the burning of fossil fuels (oil, natural gas, and coal), solid waste, trees and wood products, and also as a result of other chemical reactions (e.g., manufacture of cement). Carbon dioxide is also removed from the atmosphere (or "sequestered") when it is absorbed by plants as part of the biological carbon cycle.
Methane (CH4): Methane is emitted during the production and transport of coal, natural gas, and oil. Methane emissions also result from livestock and other agricultural practices and by the decay of organic waste in municipal solid waste landfills.
Nitrous Oxide (N2O): Nitrous oxide is emitted during agricultural and industrial activities, as well as during combustion of fossil fuels and solid waste.
Fluorinated Gases: Hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons, and sulfur hexafluoride are synthetic, powerful greenhouse gases that are emitted from a variety of industrial processes. Fluorinated gases are sometimes used as substitutes for ozone-depleting substances (i.e., CFCs, HCFCs, and halons). These gases are typically emitted in smaller quantities, but because they are potent greenhouse gases, they are sometimes referred to as High Global Warming Potential gases ("High GWP gases"). |
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branik
ADMINISTRATOR
Pridružen/-a: 29.11. 2008, 21:46
Prispevkov: 1410
Kraj: ŠTAJERSKA
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| Objavljeno: 04 Dec 2010 13:33 Naslov sporočila: Carbon offset standards |
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Protocol Flexible Mechanisms (CDM & JI)
Under the Kyoto Protocol there are two programs by which emissions reductions can be certified - the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) and Joint Implementation. These programs provide for certification of project-based emissions reductions, and include rules for baselines, monitoring, reporting, verification and certification.
CDM Gold Standard
The Gold Standard was created to meet CDM (see Kyoto Protocol above) requirements, but has a strong focus on sustainable development benefits and restriction on technology types (no forestry, large scale hydro or energy from waste projects can be included). It provides a consistent approach to assess the contribution of projects towards sustainable development, and is endorsed by a number of NGOs.
Gold Standard VER
The same as for CDM Gold Standard, but specifically for the voluntary sector with simplified validation and verification processes. Aimed specifically at small scale and micro scale projects that would not receive funding under normal regulatory schemes. The Gold Standard VER has a strong focus on sustainable development benefits.
Voluntary Carbon Standard
The Climate Group, the World Economic Forum and the International Emissions Trading Association are developing this standard for exclusive use in the voluntary market. The standard is based on CDM framework and creates a tradable Voluntary Carbon Unit (VCU).
VER+
The VER+ standard was developed by TÜV SÜD, a Designated Operational Entity (DOE) for the validation and verification of CDM projects. It was designed for project developers who have projects that cannot be implemented under CDM yet but who want to use very similar procedures as the CDM. The VER Plus was launched in mid 2007. |
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